Updated October 2026 · Fraser Bond
Leasehold · Major works
Section 20 and major works
£250threshold
Consult3 stages
Tribunalchallenge
Don'tjust refuse
In short: Before qualifying works costing more than £250 for any one leaseholder, or long-term agreements costing more than £100 a year per leaseholder, the landlord must consult leaseholders under Section 20 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985. If they don't, they can usually only recover £250 per leaseholder unless the tribunal grants dispensation. If you think costs are unreasonable, you can challenge them at the First-tier Tribunal. Simply refusing to pay can lead to arrears action and, in serious cases, risk to your lease, so take advice.
The consultation process
1
Notice of intentionDescribes works and invites observations.
2
EstimatesAt least two, including one from a nominated contractor if requested.
3
Notice of reasonsIf the cheapest estimate isn't chosen.
4
Works and billingCharges must be reasonable.
Your share check
Your bill–
Over £250 threshold?–
1 = consultation required.
Frequently asked questions
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Can I refuse to pay?
Refusing is risky; challenge it formally instead.
What if the landlord didn't consult?
Recovery may be capped at £250 unless dispensation is granted.
Selling a flat with major works planned?
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